Browsing by Title

  • Item
    Agency and perceptions of smallness: understanding Georgia’s foreign policy behaviour
    (Routledge, 2021) Erik Davtyan
    The conventional wisdom says that material and structural constraints push small states into a more or less predictable foreign and security policy. Georgia’s case shows that, together with these limitations, the foreign policy of small states is also influenced by the way the ruling elites perceive the smallness of their state. This article explains why at different periods of time Georgia demonstrated diverging and even contradictory foreign policy behaviours, despite not achieving significant economic and military strength or witnessing crucial systemic changes in its security environment. I argue that the way ruling elites interpreted smallness influenced their understanding of Georgia’s foreign policy capacity and agency in the international system. This in turn pushed Georgia into fundamentally different paths, stretching from a passive and mostly reactive foreign policy to a highly ambitious, uncompromising and hawkish one.
  • Item
    Civic education of youth in the conditions of the Eurasian integration of Russian society
    (YSU, 2021) Aleksanyan Ashot ; Nemanikhina Valentina
    The modern pedagogical process is designed to ensure the formation of diversified, morally and socially responsible citizens who can make decisions in a situation of choice, predicting possible consequences, ready for democratic cooperation and intercultural interaction, capable of participating in the development of the economic, political and cultural spheres of Russian society. At the present stage of the Eurasian integration processes and political transformation of Russia, the problem of the formation of civic culture and civic education play a civiliarchic role. The transition of Russian society from one political regime to another and the change in values are a factor in changing the attitude of society towards citizenship. Citizenship has always played an important role in the political consciousness of Russia, and in the context of the modern transformation of society, this fact cannot be underestimated. The civilizational character of Russian federalism and the civic dimension of nationality are specific, and one of the features of this character is citizenship.
  • Item
    Control of String Vibrations by Displacement of One End with the Other End Fixed, Given the Deflection Form at an Intermediate Moment of Time
    (MDPI AG, 2022) Vanya Barseghyan ; Svetlana Solodusha
    We consider a boundary control problem for the equation of string vibration with given initial and final conditions, given the deflection form at an intermediate moment of time. The control is carried out by displacement of one end with the other end fixed. The problem is reduced to the problem of a distributed action control with zero boundary conditions. We propose a constructive approach to constructing a boundary control action by the separation of variables and methods of the theory of control of finite-dimensional systems. The approach is applied to given functions. A computational experiment was carried out with the construction of the corresponding graphs and their comparative analysis. They confirm the obtained results.
  • Item
    Does Culture Mediate the Effect of Promotion/Prevention Regulatory Focus on Subjective Well-Being? Evidence from an Armenian Sample
    (Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 2021) Narine G. Khachatrya ; Ani K. Grigoryan
    Many studies have proven that promotion focus corresponds to the logic of individualistic culture, while prevention focus is characteristic of collectivistic culture. Armenia, as a post-Soviet country, has not been included in cross-cultural studies, since it is not viewed as a typically collectivistic or individualistic society
  • Item
    Electron–hole interaction in cylindrical quantum dots
    (Elsevier, 2022) Vram Mughnetsya ; Ashot Movsisyan ; Albert Kirakosyan
    The Coulomb interaction of electron and hole in a cylindrical quantum dot in the frame of the first perturbation theory and the effective mass approximation is studied. The analogue of Brus’s equation for Coulomb interaction of electron–hole pair in a spherical quantum dot is obtained for a cylindrical nanocrystal and an expression for the energy band gap shift is derived, which can be used for explaining of some experimental results obtained for MoS and 3C-SiC nanocrystals.
  • Item
    Features of the Psychological Well-Being of Russian and Armenian Students
    (Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, 2022) Elina V. Asriyan ; Anna G. Samokhvalova ; Elena V. Tikhomirova ; Oksana N. Vishnevskaya ; Natalya S. Shipova
    The study established similarities and differences in the referents of psychological wellbeing among Russian and Armenian students. It is noted that the level of psychological well-being of students from different countries is below the normative values. This testifies to the general tendencies of a decrease in optimism among young people, faith in the future, in themselves and their capabilities. The paper also describes the specificity of correlations of psychological well-being referents in the Russian and Armenian samples. The psychological well-being of Armenian students is associated with the assessment of subjective well-being, the degree of independence from parents, health and life satisfaction; among Russian students — with a high assessment of the state of health, academic success, success in life and satisfaction with romantic relationships. In general, the meaningfulness of life is important in the perception of psychological well-being among students of different ethnic and cultural groups. At the same time, Armenian students have more pronounced life intentions and orientation, set clear goals for the future. Their focus is on self-development. The process of life appears to them filled with meaning and interest. Russian students are more satisfied with their lives in the present, although they are focused on raising their status and achieving success in the future
  • Item
    FTIR ATR SPECTRAL AND THEORETICAL VIBRATIONAL STUDIES OF URACIL IN DIMETHYLSULFOXIDE OR DIETHYLSULFOXIDE SOLUTIONS
    (Pleiades Publishing, 2022) A.L. Zatikyan ; Sh.A. Markarian
    In this work the solutions of uracil in pure dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and diethylsulfoxide (DESO) have been studied by both FTIR ATR spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations. The remarkable changes were observed in the C=O, N–H (1745-1630 cm–1) and in S=O stretching region (1100-970 cm–1). The changes of the aforementioned frequencies are explained by the destruction of self-associates of sulfoxides in the presence of uracil and formation of uracil/DMSO (DESO) complexes via hydrogen-bond of the uracil N–H group with the S=O group of sulfoxides. Structural, energetic and vibrational characteristics for the hydrogen-bonded molecular complex of uracil/DMSO (DESO) in the gas phase and in solution have been studied by DFT and ab initio MO theory. It revealed, that the uracil/DMSO complex is more compact compared with uracil/DESO complex due to additional hydrogen bonds via C=O group of uracil and –CH group of DMSO. The observed wavenumbers are in good agreement with calculated wavenumbers.
  • Item
    Heatwaves in Southern Armenia in the context of climate change
    (Elsevier, 2022) Tatevik Safarya ; Hrachuhi Galstya ; Babak Shiri
    The quantitative and qualitative evaluations of long-term trends and spatial distribution of heatwaves (HW) are carried out in Southern Armenia (Syunik province). For this purpose, the daily average maximum air temperature data (Tmax) from four meteorological stations (Sisian, Goris, Kapan, and Meghri) are studied for the 1936–2019 period. The HW catchment algorithm and a new concept of HW (which is called potential HWs [PHWs]) are developed. The presence of trends and their significance for different HW measures are assessed utilizing linear and exponential trends, Sen's slope, and Mann– Kendall (MK) trend test. The results show that HWs become increasingly frequent and intense. Moreover, they have extended duration, as they emerge earlier and fade later in Syunik province. Significant variation trends of HW are observed (e.g., the frequency of HWs increased up to five times), especially after the 1990s in southern and central parts of the province. Contrary to this, relatively weaker or no trends occurred in the northern parts. Our methodological approach successfully determines the HW measures' trends in the province based on the relief features and altitude differences. The outcomes highlight their notable impact on the progression of HW. Overall, this study provides significant insights into understanding HW's variations and their transformation in the mountainous areas.
  • Item
    Implementation of Dcentralized Energy Networks in Armenia
    (Research Center ALTERNATIVE, 2021) Margarita Yeghiazaryan ; Hovhannes Zohrabyan ; Stepan Yayloyan
  • Item
    International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education
    (Association for the Development of Science, Engineering and Education, 2019) Avanesyan Hrant
    Review on the collective monograph of I.V. Abakumova, A.K. Belousova, E.S. Zorina, J. Maksimović, E.A. Nikolaeva, E.V. Nurmukhamedova, L. Stošić, O. D. Fedotova “Psychological and pedagogical basis of innovative methods in Higher school”
  • Item
    Methods for determining shear resistance by a system of cracks and old slip surfaces with the purpose to evaluate the stability of landslides
    (IOP Publishing Ltd., 2022) S G Hayroyan ; H S Hayroyan
    On slopes, landslide displacements mainly occur along bedding boundaries, lithogenetic and tectonic fractures, as well as along existing ancient slip surfaces, which are the weak zones and potential slip surfaces for new landslides. According to experimental studies to determine the shear resistance by the standard and double cut test methods: a) without wetting the sliding surface, and b) by the wetting the sliding surface, we can conclude: when double- cutting the clay soils of a solid, semi-solid and tightplastic consistency, the cohesion is mainly reduced, but the internal friction factor is slightly changed. Double-cut tests of soft-plastic and flow-plastic clay soils have shown the cohesion and the internal friction factors are being changed insignificantly. At the same time, taking into account the fact that under the condition τ > σ tan ϕ the soft-plastic and flowing-plastic clay soils undergo viscous-plastic deformations, we come to the following conclusion. When developing the anti-landslide measures, independent of the consistency of the soils forming the slope, the τf = σ tan ϕ component should be taken as the slip resistance index in the formula for calculating the slip resistance taking into account the condition Cc + Σw = 0.
  • Item
    Migratory Consequences of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Armenia
    (YSU, 2022) Aram Vartikyan ; Movses Demirchyan
    The socio-economic, political, and even cultural consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic are more than obvious. They affect the whole world, and are relevant in all spheres and levels of social and public life. Numerous anti-pandemic measures, mainly the closure of borders, restrictions on the movement of citizens, isolations hit the businesses and economies of different volumes and intensities. The spheres of tourism and services are special here and the ones where the organization of activities is based on the circulation of people and face-to-face interactions. The effective functioning of a number of social institutions was disrupted. Negative consequences were also relevant in the case of various migration flows. Having been actively involved in the migration for many years, the Armenian society is not immune to the effects of Covid-19. Based on the available literature, articles, reports, various publications and rich statistical data, the article presents in detail the impact of the pandemic on Armenian migration processes. The paper introduces the migration context of Armenia, the effects of the pandemic on the activities of a number of migrant and related groups. Conflicts of adapting to and overcoming the crisis, formal and informal tactics, approaches and practices are analyzed.
  • Item
    Molecular-genetic identification of Darevskia unisexualis × D. valentini triploid hybrids from sympatric populations of Armenia
    (Pleiades Publishing, 2021) A. E. Girnyk ; A. A. Vergun ; M. S. Arakelyan ; A. P. Ryskov
    Seven putative triploid hybrid Darevskia lizards were genotyped on the basis of the Du215 microsatellite locus. The alleles at this locus were identified and sequenced in these individuals. We found that five out of seven individuals are triploid hybrids of Darevskia unisexualis × D. valentini, each containing two alleles of the D. unisexualis parthenospecies and one allele of D. valentini. The other two individuals were heterozygous at this locus and contained alleles only of the bisexual species D. valentini.
  • Item
    Pattern and prevalence of eye disorders and diseases in school-aged children: findings from the Nationwide School Sight Sampling Survey in Armenia
    (BMJ Publishing Group, 2022) Nairuhi Jrbashyan ; Nune Yeghiazaryan ; Abu Sikder ; Sudha Nallasamy ; Mark W Reid ; Roger Ohanesian ; Thomas C Lee ; Juan Espinoza
    Objective This study aims to identify the prevalence of eye disorders and their causes among secondary schoolchildren aged 6–15 years old in Armenia, based on analysis of the Nationwide School Sight Sampling Survey. Methods and Analysis A two-stage proportionate stratified cluster sample was designed for the survey. 22 600 students were screened for visual acuity in schools; 5944 of them were selected for analysis as a nationally representative sample. Those with 20/40 or worse vision were referred to photoscreening and rapid ophthalmic assessment in schools and then were provided with vouchers for free comprehensive eye examination in eye clinics. Data were collected through data collection forms and analysed using SPSS V.23. Results While majority of the children (85%) had normal vision, 15% had a visual acuity ≤20/40. The prevalence of vision impairment (VI) in at least one eye was 9.7% and blindness in at least one eye was 0.05%. The prevalence of abnormal vision and VI was higher among girls and older children. VI was more prevalent in urban areas. The most common diagnoses were myopia (60%), astigmatism (33.7%), hyperopia (29.5%) and strabismus (3.8%). Conclusion Majority of the vision abnormalities and VI among schoolchildren are a result of refractive error and are treatable. Our results highlight the importance of regular eye examinations for schoolchildren to detect and prevent VI. Raising awareness among parents, school staff and children about eye health is vital.
  • Item
    Spectroscopic analysis of 2-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-6-methylquinolin-4-ol binding to blood plasma albumin
    (Springer-Verlag Wien, 2022) Karine R. Grigoryan ; Hasmik A. Shilajyan ; Ashkhen Zatikyan ; Iskuhi Aleksanyan ; Lilit Hambardzumyan
    Binding of 2-(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-6-methylquinolin-4-ol (C1), a biologically active substance, to bovine blood plasma albumin (BSA) at 293, 298, and 303 K was studied using fluorescence (steady state, synchronous, excitation/emission matrix) and FT-IR spectroscopy methods. The experimental results showed that C1 causes fluorescence quenching of BSA through both static and dynamic quenching mechanisms. The thermodynamic parameters, enthalpy and entropy change, for the static quenching were calculated to be − 35.73 kJ mol−1 and − 35.34 J mol−1 K−1, which indicated that hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions were the predominant intermolecular forces regulating C1–BSA interactions. Distance between donor and acceptor (2.14, 2.26, and 2.30 nm) depending on the temperature, obtained from intrinsic Förster resonance energy transfer calculations, revealed the static quenching mechanism of BSA fluorescence in 0–3.0 × 10−5 mol/dm3 concentration range of C1. The micro-environmental and conformational changes in BSA structure, established by synchronous, excitation/emission matrices and FT-IR spectra showed the changes in the BSA secondary structure.
  • Item
    Statistical Estimation for Stationary Models with Tapered Data
    (Armenian Academy of Sciences, 2021) M. S. Ginovyan ; A. A. Sahakyan
    In this paper, we survey some recent results on parametric and nonparametric statistical estimation about the spectrum of stationary models with tapered data, as well as, a question concerning robustness of inferences, carried out on a linear stationary process contaminated by a small trend. We also discuss some questions concerning tapered Toeplitz matrices and operators, central limit theorems for tapered Toeplitz type quadratic functionals, and tapered Fejer-type ´ singular integrals. These are the main tools for obtaining the corres ponding results, and also are of interest in themselves. The processes considered will be discrete- time and continuous-time Gaussian, linear or Levy-driven linear processes with memory.
  • Item
    Tidal disruption effects near black holes and Lambda-gravity
    (Springer, 2022-08-26) A.Stepanian ; V.Gurzadya ; Sh.Khlghatyan
    The tidal disruption of stars in the vicinity of massive black holes is discussed in the context of Λ-gravity. The latter provides an explanation to the Hubble tension as a possible consequence of two Hubble flows, the local and global ones. The bunch of notions that play role for the considered tidal effect are obtained, along with the rate of the disrupted stars. The role of pulsars is emphasized due to their ability to penetrate up to the horizon of the massive black hole as for them the tidal radius can reach the horizon. Tidal disruption mechanism also can lead to segregation of stars by their mean density versus the distance from the black hole, the denser stars surviving at shorter distances. The interplay of the central gravity field and the repulsive Λ-term increase with radius, and its certain observational consequences are discussed.